On July 20, 2026, Judge R. Gary Klausner of the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California declared Vivek Shah a vexatious litigant and entered a pre-filing order restricting his ability to bring new digital privacy cases in that district. Vivek Shah v. Crain Communications, Inc., No. 2:26-cv-03070-RGK-CTS (C.D. Cal. July 20, 2026).
The order is a meaningful development for businesses that have received demand letters, draft complaints or arbitration demands from Shah alleging that common website technologies violate the California Invasion of Privacy Act (CIPA). However, its practical effect should not be overstated. The order imposes a procedural screening requirement for Shah in one federal district and does not decide whether the website practices underlying Shah’s claims violate CIPA.



On July 21, 2026, the California Privacy Protection Agency (CalPrivacy)
The use of email-tracking technology is drawing heightened regulatory scrutiny and has become a growing target of litigation. For many organizations, these technologies, which could be in the form of a “pixel,” “beacon” or URL tracking parameters embedded in links, sit quietly in the background of marketing and operational messages. Yet from a legal and compliance perspective, they raise the same kinds of questions as online tracking tools such as cookies. This article explains what is happening and why it matters, and offers some pragmatic options for organizations to consider when relying on email engagement data.